Reference Index#

Module: Pink Annotation Schema#

Classes#

BooleanData#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#BooleanData
prefLabel	BooleanData
definition	A symbolic data representing a boolean number.
Formal description
Subclass Of	SymbolicData

ByteData#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#ByteData
prefLabel	ByteData
definition	A data representing a 8-bit integer number.
Formal description
Subclass Of	ShortData

Computation#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#Computation
prefLabel	Computation
definition	A process that deals with quantitative symbols (i.e. symbols associated with a quantitative oriented language).
Formal description
Subclass Of	Process
Subclasses	DataProcessing

ComputationalTool#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#ComputationalTool
prefLabel	ComputationalTool
definition	A software that performs a computation.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Software

Example

Gromacs is a computational tool that solves Newton’s equations of motion.

Data#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#Data
prefLabel	Data
definition	Contrast from variation of properties that is encoded by an agent and that can be decoded by another agent according to a specific rule.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Entity
Subclasses	Document, Software, Datum, SymbolicData, Information, Dataset

Dataset#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#Dataset
prefLabel	Dataset
definition	Encoded data made of more than one datum.
usageNote	A collection of (more than one) datum, published or curated by a single agent, and available for access or download in one or more representations.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Data
Restrictions	hasPart some Datum

DateData#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#DateData
prefLabel	DateData
definition	A symbolic data representing date. Format: YYYY-MM-DD (followed by an optional time zone offset, e.g. +01:00 for Central Europe).
Formal description
Subclass Of	SymbolicData

DateTimeData#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#DateTimeData
prefLabel	DateTimeData
definition	A symbolic data representing datetime. Format: YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss (followed by an optional time zone offset, e.g. +01:00 for Central Europe).
Formal description
Subclass Of	SymbolicData

Datum#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#Datum
prefLabel	Datum
definition	A self-consistent encoded data entity.
usageNote	Datum is the building block of datasets.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Data

Description#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#Description
prefLabel	Description
definition	A collection of properties that depicts an object.
scope note	A description is not atomic in the sense that it is made of more than one property.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Sign

DomainOfApplicabilityStatus#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#DomainOfApplicabilityStatus
prefLabel	DomainOfApplicabilityStatus
definition	A result of a model or software indicating whether an input is within the applicability domain of the model or software. Applicability domain refers to the range of conditions and limitations within which a model can be reliably applied. It is a critical factor in determining the accuracy and validity of a model, as it defines the scope of its predictions and identifies potential sources of uncertainty. The process of defining the applicability domain involves assessing the model's performance under different conditions and establishing the boundaries of its predictive capabilities.
scope note	It should take one of the following values: pink:undefined; pink:outOfDomain; pink:inDomain.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Property

DoubleData#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#DoubleData
prefLabel	DoubleData
definition	A symbolic data representing a 64-bit floating point numbers incl. ±Inf, ±0, NaN.
Formal description
Subclass Of	NumericalData

FloatData#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#FloatData
prefLabel	FloatData
definition	A symbolic data representing a 32-bit floating point numbers incl. ±Inf, ±0, NaN.
Formal description
Subclass Of	NumericalData

Indicator#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#Indicator
prefLabel	Indicator
altLabel	Descriptor, EndPoint
definition	A property that provides information about the state of a system. It simplifies complex realities into measurable values that can guide decisions.
scope note	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK338448/
Formal description
Subclass Of	Property
Subclasses	Toxicity, ChemicalDescriptor

Example

For a computation is an indicator a specific property/datum that is provided in the output.

Information#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#Information
prefLabel	Information
definition	Data with meaning (semiotic sign).
Formal description
Subclass Of	Sign, Data
Subclasses	MathematicalModel

IntData#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#IntData
prefLabel	IntData
definition	A data representing a 32-bit integer number.
Formal description
Subclass Of	LongData
Subclasses	ShortData

IntegerData#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#IntegerData
prefLabel	IntegerData
definition	A data representing an arbritrary sized integer number.
Formal description
Subclass Of	NumericalData
Subclasses	LongData

Interpreter#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#Interpreter
prefLabel	Interpreter
definition	The agent that connects the sign to an entity in a semiotic (meaning-making) process.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Agent

Example

A person (interpreter) that measures the length (sign) of an pencil (object).

LongData#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#LongData
prefLabel	LongData
definition	A data representing a 64-bit integer number.
Formal description
Subclass Of	IntegerData
Subclasses	IntData

MaterialProcess#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#MaterialProcess
prefLabel	MaterialProcess
definition	A process that has material as input and output.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Process

Matter#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#Matter
prefLabel	Matter
definition	An entity that possess mass and occupies volume.
scope note	From the definition it follows that matter is an object with fermionic parts., The interpretation of the term "matter" is not univocal. Several concepts are labelled with this term, depending on the field of science. The concept mass is sometimes related to the term "matter", even if the former refers to a physical quantity (precisely defined by modern physics) while the latter is a type that qualifies a physical entity. It is possible to identify more than one concept that can be reasonably labelled with the term "matter". For example, it is possible to label as matter only the entities that are made up of atoms. Or more generally, we can be more fine-grained and call "matter" the entities that are made up of protons, neutrons or electrons, so that we can call matter also a neutron radiation or a cathode ray. A more fundamental approach taken here, considers matter as entities that are made of quarks and leptons, without excluding particles like the W and Z bosons that possess some mass, but are not fermions. This definition also include antimatter.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Entity
Subclasses	ChemicalEntity, Substance

Measurement#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#Measurement
prefLabel	Measurement
definition	An observation that results in a quantitative comparison of a 'property' of an 'object' with a standard reference based on a well defined mesurement procedure.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Process

Model#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#Model
prefLabel	Model
definition	A useful simplified description of a selected part of the world.
scope note	A model is a sign that resembles or imitates an object, in shape, function or by sharing a similar logical structure.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Sign
Subclasses	AnalogicalModel, FunctionalModel, ResemblanceModel

Example

Newton’s law of motion is a model for how a body will move when subjected to forces. A mouse can be seen as a model for a human (e.g. in medicine). An architectural floor plan is a model of a house.

NumericalData#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#NumericalData
prefLabel	NumericalData
definition	A symbolic data representing a numerical value.
Formal description
Subclass Of	SymbolicData
Subclasses	FloatData, IntegerData, DoubleData

Object#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#Object
prefLabel	Object
altLabel	Continuant, Endurant
definition	An entity that has a temporal extension.
scope note	Object is the class of all individuals who's temporal parts are of the same type as the whole., Object individals will typically also be an individual of 'Matter'. However, when categorising something as an 'Object', the focus is on its existence (throughout one of more processes), while 'Matter' focuses on that it pocess mass and takes up volume and how it can further be categorised as
Formal description
Subclass Of	Entity
Subclasses	Participant, Person, Organization

Participant#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#Participant
prefLabel	Participant
definition	An object that participates to a process.
scope note	Mereologically participation means that the object is a spatial part of the process.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Object, Agent

Example

A student during an examination. The student exists both before and after the examination.

Process#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#Process
prefLabel	Process
altLabel	Occurent, Perdurant
definition	An activity with temporal parts.
scope note	The temporal parts of a process are not of the same type as the process itself.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Activity
Subclasses	MaterialProcess, Computation, Measurement

Profiler#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#Profiler
prefLabel	Profiler
definition	A software that identify the affiliation of the target chemical(s) to preliminary defined categories (functional groups/alerts).
scope note	The outcome of the profiling determines the most appropriate way to search for analogues, but they are also useful for preliminary screening or prioritization of substances.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Software

Property#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#Property
prefLabel	Property
definition	An "atomic" sign that stands for a characteristic of an object that can be observed or detected in a semiotic process.
scope note	A property is atomic in the sense that is aimed to deliver one and one only aspect of the object.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Sign
Subclasses	DomainOfApplicabilityStatus, Indicator, PhysicalQuantity

QSARSoftware#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#QSARSoftware
prefLabel	QSARSoftware
definition	A software implementing a QSAR model.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Software
Restrictions	implementsModel some QSARModel

ReliabilityDocument#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#ReliabilityDocument
prefLabel	ReliabilityDocument
definition	xxx
usageNote	xxx
Formal description
Subclass Of	Document

ShortData#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#ShortData
prefLabel	ShortData
definition	A data representing a 16-bit integer number.
Formal description
Subclass Of	IntData
Subclasses	ByteData

Sign#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#Sign
prefLabel	Sign
definition	A sign that stands for an entity.
scope note	A sign is a part of a triadic semiotic (meaning-making) process, where an 'interpreter' connects a 'sign' to an entity (called 'referent').
Formal description
Subclass Of	Entity
Subclasses	Model, Property, Description, Information

Software#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#Software
prefLabel	Software
definition	All or part of the programs, procedures, rules, and associated documentation of an information processing system.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Data
Subclasses	QSARSoftware, Profiler, ComputationalTool, DataProcessingSoftware

SymbolicData#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#SymbolicData
prefLabel	SymbolicData
definition	The class for entities which stands for a specific data format expressed using a symbolic encoding.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Data
Subclasses	NumericalData, BooleanData, DateData, DateTimeData, TimeData

TierLevel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#TierLevel
prefLabel	TierLevel
definition	Represent a tiered, iterative framework for evaluating chemical and material safety from early innovation to production.
scope note	This approach typically involves a three-tier system-ranging from qualitative, early-stage, in silico, and in vitro screening to, finally, advanced, quantitative, in vivo testing.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Entity

TimeData#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#TimeData
prefLabel	TimeData
definition	A symbolic data representing time. Format: hh:mm:ss (followed by an optional time zone offset, e.g. +01:00 for Central Europe).
Formal description
Subclass Of	SymbolicData

Toxicity#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#Toxicity
prefLabel	Toxicity
definition	A descriptor for a substance to cause harmful health effects.
scope note	The helth effects can strike a single cell, a group of cells, an organ system, or the entire body. A toxic effect may be visible damage, or a decrease in performance or function measurable only by a test., Toxicity is always related to a given measurement procedure. Hence, the user is expected to define spesific subclasses defining the measurement procedure that the toxicity is measured according to.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Indicator

Object Properties#

assesses#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#assesses
prefLabel	assesses
definition	Relates an assessment to a SSbD dimension.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, IrreflexiveProperty, AsymmetricProperty, isOvercrossedBy
Domain	Assessment
Range	SsbdDimension

attributed#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#attributed
prefLabel	attributed
definition	Relates an agent to an entity via an activity that both the agent and entity participates to.
scope note	There may or may not be a causal interaction between the agent and entity., The activity is through overlapped by the agent and overcrossed by the entity.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, IrreflexiveProperty, AsymmetricProperty, causedBy
Domain	Agent
Range	Entity

causal#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#causal
prefLabel	causal
definition	The root of all causal SSbD relations.
scope note	Causality is the fundamental concept describing how entities affect each other.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty

causedBy#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#causedBy
prefLabel	causedBy
definition	A relation between an entity that causally affects the subject.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, IrreflexiveProperty, causal, wasInfluencedBy

Example

John yesterday is the cause of John today, is an example of temporal-like causality. The desk supporting my laptop is a space-like causality.

chemicalClass#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#chemicalClass
prefLabel	chemicalClass
definition	Relates an entity to a chemical class that the entity is relevant for.
usageNote	Choose one of subclasses of pink:Matter.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, standsFor
Domain	Entity
Range	Matter

documentation#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#documentation
prefLabel	documentation
definition	Relates a resource to a page or document documenting this resource.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, page, isRepresentedBy
Domain	Resource
Range	Document

equalsTo#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#equalsTo
prefLabel	equalsTo
definition	The relation between two indeviduals representing the same entity.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, SymmetricProperty, hasPart

hasDatum#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#hasDatum
prefLabel	hasDatum
definition	Relates a dataset to its datum.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, IrreflexiveProperty, AsymmetricProperty, hasProperPart
Domain	Dataset
Range	Datum

hasDescription#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#hasDescription
prefLabel	hasDescription
definition	Connects a thing to a description (i.e. collection of properties) of the thing.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, isRepresentedBy
Range	Description

hasInput#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#hasInput
prefLabel	hasInput
definition	Relates an activity to an entity that is input to the activity.
scope note	The activity A proper overlaps the entity E, where the non-overlapping part of E causes A.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, IrreflexiveProperty, AsymmetricProperty, isOvercrossedBy
Domain	Activity
Range	Entity

hasJunctionPart#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#hasJunctionPart
prefLabel	hasJunctionPart
altLabel	hasSpatioTemporalPart
definition	The part is connected with the rest item or members with both hasNext (or its inverse) and hasContact relations.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, IrreflexiveProperty, AsymmetricProperty, hasProperPart

hasOutput#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#hasOutput
prefLabel	hasOutput
definition	Relates an activity to an entity that is the output of the activity.
scope note	The activity A proper overlaps the entity E, where the non-overlapping part of E is caused by A.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, IrreflexiveProperty, AsymmetricProperty, isOvercrossedBy
Domain	Activity
Range	Entity

hasPart#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#hasPart
prefLabel	hasPart
definition	The primitive relation that express the concept of an entity being part of another one.
scope note	OWL2 does not allow non-simple (e.g. transitive) properties to appear in disjoint property axioms. We therefore implement the transitivity of hasPart using SWRL rules instead of asserting it with owl:TransitiveProperty.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, ReflexiveProperty, hasPart, overlaps

hasParticipant#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#hasParticipant
prefLabel	hasParticipant
definition	The relation between a process and an object participating to it, i.e. that is relevant to the process itself.
scope note	Participation is a parthood relation - you must be part of the process to contribute to it. A participant whose 4D extension is totally contained within the process.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, IrreflexiveProperty, AsymmetricProperty, ObjectProperty, hasProperPart

hasProperPart#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#hasProperPart
prefLabel	hasProperPart
definition	The relation between an entity and one of its parts, when both entities are distinct.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, IrreflexiveProperty, AsymmetricProperty, hasPart

hasProperty#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#hasProperty
prefLabel	hasProperty
definition	Connects a thing to one of its properties.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, isRepresentedBy
Range	Property

hasSoftware#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#hasSoftware
prefLabel	hasSoftware
definition	Relates a computation to the software used to perform the computation.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, IrreflexiveProperty, AsymmetricProperty, wasAssociatedWith
Domain	Computation
Range	Software

hasSpatialPart#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#hasSpatialPart
prefLabel	hasSpatialPart
definition	A proper part of a whole, whose parts always cover the full temporal extension of the whole within a spatial interval.
scope note	The part is connected with the rest item or members with hasContact relations only (no hasNext).
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, IrreflexiveProperty, AsymmetricProperty, hasProperPart

hasSubProcess#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#hasSubProcess
prefLabel	hasSubProcess
definition	The relation between a process and one of its process parts.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, IrreflexiveProperty, AsymmetricProperty, hasProperPart
Domain	Process
Range	Process

hasTemporalPart#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#hasTemporalPart
prefLabel	hasTemporalPart
definition	A relation that identify a proper item part of the whole, whose parts always cover the full spatial extension of the whole within a time interval.
scope note	A temporal part of an item cannot both cause and be caused by any other proper part of the item.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, IrreflexiveProperty, AsymmetricProperty, hasProperPart

hasUnit#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#hasMeasurementUnit
prefLabel	hasUnit
definition	Connects a property to its unit.
scope note	`pink:hasMeasurementUnit` is intended to refer to a unit in an existing unit ontology, like QUDT or EMMO.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, hasDescription
Domain	Property

implementsModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#implementsModel
prefLabel	implementsModel
definition	Relates a software to the model it implements.
scope note	Semiotically a software can be seen as an executable sign that stands for the model it implements.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, IrreflexiveProperty, AsymmetricProperty, ObjectProperty, standsFor
Domain	Software
Range	Model

isAfter#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#isAfter
prefLabel	isAfter
definition	A one-directional relation between an entity that affects the subject.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, IrreflexiveProperty, AsymmetricProperty, causedBy

isDescriptionOf#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#isDescriptionOf
prefLabel	isDescriptionOf
definition	Connects a description to an entity.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, standsFor
Domain	Description
Range	Entity

isInterpretedBy#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#isInterpretedBy
prefLabel	isInterpretedBy
definition	Connects a sign (e.g. a property) to an interpreter.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, semiotical
Domain	Sign
Range	Interpreter

isOvercrossedBy#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#isOvercrossedBy
prefLabel	isOvercrossedBy
definition	The relation between an entity that overlaps another without having it as part.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, IrreflexiveProperty, overlaps

isPropertyOf#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#isPropertyOf
prefLabel	isPropertyOf
definition	Connects a property to an entity.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, standsFor
Domain	Property
Range	Entity

isRepresentedBy#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#isRepresentedBy
prefLabel	isRepresentedBy
definition	Connects an entity to a sign that stands for the entity.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, semiotical
Domain	Entity
Range	Sign

isSubmoduleOf#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#isSubmoduleOf
prefLabel	isSubmoduleOf
altLabel	isSoftwareSubmoduleOf
definition	A parthood relation that relates a submodule of a software to the software.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, IrreflexiveProperty, AsymmetricProperty, parthood
Domain	Software
Range	Software

nonOverlaps#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#nonOverlaps
prefLabel	nonOverlaps
definition	The relation between two individuals that does not share any parts.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, SymmetricProperty, IrreflexiveProperty, parthood

overlaps#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#overlaps
prefLabel	overlaps
definition	The relation between two individuals representing entities that share at least one of their parts.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, SymmetricProperty, ReflexiveProperty, parthood

parthood#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#parthood
prefLabel	parthood
definition	The root of SSbD parthood relations.
scope note	The SSbD parthood relations adhere to Atomistic General Extensional Mereology (AGEM).
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty

participatesTo#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#participatesTo
prefLabel	participatesTo
definition	Relation an entity to an activity that it interacts with.
scope note	The entity through overlaps the activity.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, IrreflexiveProperty, AsymmetricProperty, isOvercrossedBy
Domain	Entity
Range	Activity

priorRelease#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#priorRelease
prefLabel	priorRelease
definition	Direct relation that relates a software to the most resent earlier release of the software.
scope note	Useful for tracking the provenance of software releases.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, IrreflexiveProperty, AsymmetricProperty, causedBy
Domain	Software
Range	Software

processedFrom#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#processedFrom
prefLabel	processedFrom
definition	Indirect relation that relates the output of an activity to its input.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, IrreflexiveProperty, AsymmetricProperty, isAfter

semiotical#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#semiotical
prefLabel	semiotical
definition	The base of all semiotic relations.
scope note	Semiotic relations take part in a triadic semiotic meaning-making process, where an 'interpreter' connects a 'sign' (e.g. a property) to an entity (called 'referent')., The semiotic relations in the PINK Annotation Scheme are inspirred by EMMO, which in turn is based on the semiotic theory by Charles Sanders Peirce (1839-1914)., Semiotic relations can be seen as shortcuts that replaces a series of complex causal relations with a single relation.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty

ssbdDimension#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#ssbdDimension
prefLabel	ssbdDimension
definition	https://github.com/PINK-project/PINK-annotation-schema/pull/15
usageNote	One of `pink:functionality`, `pink:safety`, `pink:environmental_sustainability`, `pink:social_sustainability`
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty
Range	SsbdDimension

standsFor#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#standsFor
prefLabel	standsFor
definition	Connects a sign (e.g. a property) to an entity (a 'referent').
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, semiotical
Domain	Sign
Range	Entity

tierLevel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#tierLevel
prefLabel	tierLevel
definition	Relate an entity to an SSbD tier level.
usageNote	Should be one of: pink:tierlevel1 (ideation/design), pink:tierlevel2 (lab phase/development), pink:tierlevel3 (up-scaling/production)
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, hasProperty
Domain	Entity
Range	TierLevel

used#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#used
prefLabel	used
definition	Relates an activity to an entity that it used.
scope note	The activity A proper overlaps the entity E, where the non-overlapping part of E causes A.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, IrreflexiveProperty, AsymmetricProperty, used, hasInput
Domain	Activity
Range	Entity

Example

For example, :baking :used :spoon, :egg, :oven .

wasAssociatedWith#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#wasAssociatedWith
prefLabel	wasAssociatedWith
definition	Relates an activity to an agent that had some (unspecified) responsibility for the occurence of this activity.
scope note	The activity is through overlapped by the agent.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, IrreflexiveProperty, AsymmetricProperty, wasAssociatedWith, isOvercrossedBy
Domain	Activity
Range	Agent

wasAttributedTo#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#wasAttributedTo
prefLabel	wasAttributedTo
definition	Relates an entity to an agent via an activity that both the entity and agent participates to.
scope note	The activity is through overlapped by the agent and overcrossed by the entity.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, IrreflexiveProperty, AsymmetricProperty, wasAttributedTo, causedBy
Domain	Entity
Range	Agent

wasDerivedBy#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#wasDerivedBy
prefLabel	wasDerivedBy
definition	Indirect relation that relates the output entity of an activity to its input entity.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, IrreflexiveProperty, AsymmetricProperty, processedFrom, wasDerivedBy
Domain	Entity
Range	Entity

wasGeneratedBy#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#wasGeneratedBy
prefLabel	wasGeneratedBy
definition	Relates an entity to the activity it was generated from.
scope note	The activity A proper overlaps the entity E, where the non-overlapping part of E is caused by A.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, IrreflexiveProperty, AsymmetricProperty, wasGeneratedBy, isOvercrossedBy
Domain	Entity
Range	Activity

wasInformedBy#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#wasInformedBy
prefLabel	wasInformedBy
definition	A one-directional relation between an activity that affects the subject activity.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, IrreflexiveProperty, AsymmetricProperty, isAfter, wasInformedBy
Domain	Activity
Range	Activity

Data Properties#

hasAPI#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#hasAPI
prefLabel	hasAPI
definition	Whether the software has an API.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	DatatypeProperty
Domain	Software
Range	xsd:boolean

hasDataValue#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#hasDataValue
prefLabel	hasDataValue
definition	Relates a data individual to its literal value.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	DatatypeProperty
Domain	Data

hasGUI#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#hasGUI
prefLabel	hasGUI
definition	Whether the software has a GUI.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	DatatypeProperty
Domain	Software
Range	xsd:boolean

ssbdSubDimension#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#ssbdSubDimension
prefLabel	ssbdSubDimension
definition	https://github.com/PINK-project/PINK-annotation-schema/pull/15
Formal description
Subproperty Of	DatatypeProperty
Range	xsd:string

Annotation Properties#

altLabel#

Annotations
IRI	http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#altLabel
Formal description
Subproperty Of	AnnotationProperty, AnnotationProperty

definition#

Annotations
IRI	http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#definition
prefLabel	definition
definition	A free-text account of the resource.
usageNote	This property can be repeated for parallel language versions of the description.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	AnnotationProperty, AnnotationProperty
Domain	Resource
Range	http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#langString

doi#

Annotations
IRI	http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/doi
Formal description
Subproperty Of	AnnotationProperty

example#

Annotations
IRI	http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#example
Formal description
Subproperty Of	AnnotationProperty, AnnotationProperty

homepage#

Annotations
IRI	http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage
Formal description
Subproperty Of	AnnotationProperty

logo#

Annotations
IRI	http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/logo
Formal description
Subproperty Of	AnnotationProperty

prefLabel#

Annotations
IRI	http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#prefLabel
Formal description
Subproperty Of	AnnotationProperty, AnnotationProperty

preferredNamespacePrefix#

Annotations
IRI	http://purl.org/vocab/vann/preferredNamespacePrefix
Formal description
Subproperty Of	AnnotationProperty

preferredNamespaceUri#

Annotations
IRI	http://purl.org/vocab/vann/preferredNamespaceUri
Formal description
Subproperty Of	AnnotationProperty

scope note#

Annotations
IRI	http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#scopeNote
label	scope note
definition	A note that helps to clarify the meaning and/or the use of a concept.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	AnnotationProperty, AnnotationProperty, note

usageNote#

Annotations
IRI	http://purl.org/vocab/vann/usageNote
Formal description
Subproperty Of	AnnotationProperty

Module: Reused Terms#

Classes#

Activity#

Annotations
IRI	http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Activity
label	Activity
Formal description
Subclass Of	Thing
Subclasses	Process, Assessment

Agent#

Annotations
IRI	http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Agent
label	Agent
Formal description
Subclass Of	Agent, Agent
Subclasses	Participant, Interpreter

Document#

Annotations
IRI	http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Document
label	Document
Formal description
Subclass Of	Data
Subclasses	ReliabilityDocument, Rights Statement

Entity#

Annotations
IRI	http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Entity
label	Entity
Formal description
Subclass Of	Thing
Subclasses	Sign, Resource, SsbdDimension, Data, TierLevel, Object, Matter, Project, SsbdDimension

License Document#

Annotations
IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/LicenseDocument
label	License Document
Formal description
Subclass Of	Rights Statement

Resource#

Annotations
IRI	http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#Resource
label	Resource
scope note	The class of all catalogued resources, the Superclass of dcat:Dataset, dcat:DataService, dcat:Catalog and any other member of a dcat:Catalog. This class carries properties common to all catalogued resources, including datasets and data services. The instances of this class SHOULD be included in a catalog. The instances of this class SHOULD be included in a catalog. It is strongly recommended to use a more specific sub-class. When describing a resource which is not a dcat:Dataset or dcat:DataService, it is recommended to create a suitable sub-class of dcat:Resource, or use dcat:Resource with the dcterms:type property to indicate the specific type.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Entity

Rights Statement#

Annotations
IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/RightsStatement
label	Rights Statement
Formal description
Subclass Of	Document
Subclasses	License Document

Object Properties#

accessRights#

Annotations
IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/accessRights
definition	Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty
Domain	Resource
Range	Rights Statement

accessURL#

Annotations
IRI	http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#accessURL
definition	A URL that gives access to a Distribution of the Dataset. E.g. landing page, feed, SPARQL endpoint. Use for all cases except a simple download link, in which case downloadURL is preferred.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty

creator#

Annotations
IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator
definition	An entity responsible for producing the resource.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty
Domain	Resource
Range	Agent

curator#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/application/datadoc#curator
definition	The agent that curated the resource.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty
Domain	Resource
Range	Agent

datamodel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/datamodel#datamodel
definition	URI of a data model describing the datum/properties of a dataset.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty

format#

Annotations
IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/format
definition	The file format of the Distribution.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty

license#

Annotations
IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/license
definition	A licence under which the resource is made available.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty
Domain	Resource
Range	License Document

rightsHolder#

Annotations
IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/rightsHolder
label	rightsHolder
description	A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, isRepresentedBy
Range	Agent

subClassOf#

Annotations
IRI	http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf
label	subClassOf
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty

theme#

Annotations
IRI	http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#theme
label	theme
definition	A main category of the resource. A resource can have multiple themes.
scope note	The set of skos:Concepts used to categorize the resources are organized in a skos:ConceptScheme describing all the categories and their relations in the catalog.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, subject

used#

Annotations
IRI	http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#used
label	used
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, wasInfluencedBy
Domain	Activity
Range	Entity

wasAssociatedWith#

Annotations
IRI	http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAssociatedWith
label	wasAssociatedWith
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, wasInfluencedBy
Domain	Activity
Range	Agent

wasAttributedTo#

Annotations
IRI	http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo
label	wasAttributedTo
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, wasInfluencedBy
Domain	Entity
Range	Agent

wasInformedBy#

Annotations
IRI	http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasInformedBy
label	wasInformedBy
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, wasInfluencedBy
Domain	Activity
Range	Activity

Data Properties#

datumDescription#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/datamodel#datumDescription
definition	Human-readable description of the datum/property.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	DatatypeProperty
Range	xsd:string

datumName#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/datamodel#datumName
definition	Name of the datum/property.
scope note	Typically the variable name used in a program or web interface. A string without spaces.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	DatatypeProperty
Range	xsd:string

datumShape#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/datamodel#datumShape
definition	Unit of the datum/property.
scope note	List of the dimension names if the datum/property is multi-dimensional. Leave empty if it is a scalar., Leave empty if scalar.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	DatatypeProperty

datumType#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/datamodel#datumType
definition	Type of the datum/property.
scope note	Use one of bool, int, float, string. For int and float the number of bits can be added. E.g. int32, float64.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	DatatypeProperty
Range	xsd:string

datumUnit#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/domain/datamodel#datumUnit
definition	Unit of the datum/property.
scope note	Use standard SI symbols., Leave empty if dimensionless.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	DatatypeProperty
Range	xsd:string

downloadURL#

Annotations
IRI	http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#downloadURL
definition	A URL that is a direct link to a downloadable file in a given format. The format is indicated by the distribution's 'dterms:format' and/or 'dcat:mediaType'.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	DatatypeProperty
Range	xsd:anyURI

releaseDate#

Annotations
IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/issued
definition	The date of formal issuance (e.g., publication) of the resource.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	DatatypeProperty
Domain	Resource
Range	xsd:dateTime

Annotation Properties#

definition#

Annotations
IRI	http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#definition
definition	A free-text account of the resource.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	AnnotationProperty, AnnotationProperty
Domain	Resource
Range	http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#langString

description#

Annotations
IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/description
label	description
description	Description may include but is not limited to: an abstract, a table of contents, a graphical representation, or a free-text account of the resource.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	AnnotationProperty

identifier#

Annotations
IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/identifier
definition	URI or other unique identifier of the resource being described.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	AnnotationProperty
Domain	Agent

keyword#

Annotations
IRI	http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#keyword
definition	A keyword or tag describing the resource.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	AnnotationProperty
Range	http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#langString

label#

Annotations
IRI	http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label
Formal description
Subproperty Of	AnnotationProperty

scope note#

Annotations
IRI	http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#scopeNote
label	scope note
definition	A note that helps to clarify the meaning and/or the use of a concept.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	AnnotationProperty, AnnotationProperty, note

seeAlso#

Annotations
IRI	http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso
Formal description
Subproperty Of	AnnotationProperty

title#

Annotations
IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/title
definition	A name given to the resource.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	AnnotationProperty
Domain	Resource
Range	http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#langString

version#

Annotations
IRI	http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#version
definition	Version indicator (name or identifier) of a resource.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	AnnotationProperty
Domain	Resource

Module: Matter#

Classes#

AdvancedMaterial#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#AdvancedMaterial
prefLabel	AdvancedMaterial
definition	A designed material tailored to simultaneously meet two or more pre-defined criteria.
Formal description
Subclass Of	ArtificialMaterial, MaterialByFunction

AmorphousMaterial#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#AmorphousMaterial
prefLabel	AmorphousMaterial
altLabel	NonCrystallineMaterial
definition	A solid lacking a repeating, ordered atomic structure (long-range order).
scope note	A amorphous material resembles a frozen liquid with atoms arranged randomly, unlike crystalline solids with periodic patterns, leading to properties like no sharp melting point, irregular shapes, and isotropic characteristics (uniform properties in all directions).
Formal description
Subclass Of	MaterialByStructure

ArtificialMaterial#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#ArtificialMaterial
prefLabel	ArtificialMaterial
definition	Any substance engineered or created by humans, often to mimic or improve upon natural materials.
scope note	Artificial materials are typically engineered through chemical synthesis from natural raw materials like oil or coal, resulting in polymers such as plastics, nylon, or polyester, designed for specific, enhanced properties like strength, durability, or moldability not found in nature.
Formal description
Subclass Of	MaterialByOrigin
Subclasses	AdvancedMaterial, ManufacturedMaterial

Atom#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#Atom
prefLabel	Atom
altLabel	ChemicalElement
definition	A standalone atom has direct part one 'nucleus' and one 'electron_cloud'. An O 'atom' within an O₂ 'molecule' is an 'e-bonded_atom'. In this material branch, H atom is a particular case, with respect to higher atomic number atoms, since as soon as it shares its electron it has no nucleus entangled electron cloud. We cannot say that H₂ molecule has direct part two H atoms, but has direct part two H nucleus.
scope note	An 'atom' is a 'nucleus' surrounded by an 'electron_cloud', i.e. a quantum system made of one or more bounded electrons.
Formal description
Subclass Of	MolecularEntity
Subclasses	StandaloneAtom, BondedAtom, Atom

BiocompatibleMaterial#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#BiocompatibleMaterial
prefLabel	BiocompatibleMaterial
definition	Material designed to be biocompatible for implantation in the body, such as artificial joints or tissue scaffolds.
Formal description
Subclass Of	MaterialByFunction

BondedAtom#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#BondedAtom
prefLabel	BondedAtom
definition	A bonded atom that shares at least one electron to the atom-based entity of which is part of.
scope note	A real bond between atoms is always something hybrid between covalent, metallic and ionic. In general, metallic and ionic bonds have atoms sharing electrons., The bond types that are covered by this definition are the strong electronic bonds: covalent, metallic and ionic., This class can be used to represent molecules as simplified quantum systems, in which outer molecule shared electrons are un-entangled with the inner shells of the atoms composing the molecule.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Atom

CeramicMaterial#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#CeramicMaterial
prefLabel	CeramicMaterial
altLabel	Ceramic
definition	An inorganic non-metallic solid made from elements (metals, non-metals, semi-metals like silicon) combined into compounds (oxides, carbides, nitrides) that are typically hard, strong, brittle, corrosion-resistant, and good insulators.
scope note	Ceramic materials are hardened by intense heat and typically used from pottery and tiles to advanced electronics and aerospace parts.
Formal description
Subclass Of	MaterialByType

ChemicalCompound#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#ChemicalCompound
prefLabel	ChemicalCompound
definition	A chemical substance composed of many identical molecules (or molecular entities) composed of atoms from more than one element held together by chemical bonds.
Formal description
Subclass Of	ChemicalSubstance
Subclasses	OrganicCompound, InorganicCompound

ChemicalEntity#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#ChemicalEntity
prefLabel	ChemicalEntity
definition	The union of ChemicalSubstance and MolecularEntity.
scope note	A chemical entity comprises the two different ways to represents matter: as single recognizable particle entity (molecular entity) and as a composition of particle entities (substance). This distinction is not well assessed in actual chemical nomenclature, in which an element name refers to both the pure elemental substance or the atom. In the EMMO we force the adoption of a more strict categorization based on mereotopology. The class Material hosts the subclasses for which a substance can be identified without necessarily considering its nature of molecule/atom or substance (e.g. hydrocarbon is the class of both hydrocarbon molecules or gases).
Formal description
Subclass Of	Matter
Subclasses	MolecularEntity, ChemicalSubstance, ChemicalEntity

ChemicalSubstance#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#ChemicalSubstance
prefLabel	ChemicalSubstance
definition	Matter of constant composition best characterized by the entities (molecules, formula units, atoms) it is composed of.
scope note	A chemical substance is always composed of more than one molecular entity. It lays in the continuum or mesoscopic domain.
Formal description
Subclass Of	ChemicalEntity, Substance
Subclasses	ChemicalCompound, ElementalSubstance, ChemicalSubstance

CompactMaterial#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#CompactMaterial
prefLabel	CompactMaterial
definition	A solid material whose particles are closely and firmly packed together, resulting in a high density, solid structure without significant internal voids or cavities.
Formal description
Subclass Of	MaterialByCompactness, Solid

CompositeMaterial#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#CompositeMaterial
prefLabel	CompositeMaterial
altLabel	Composite
definition	A material that contains two or more constituent materials.
Formal description
Subclass Of	MaterialByType
Subclasses	NanoComposite

CondensedMatter#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#CondensedMatter
prefLabel	CondensedMatter
definition	Solid or liquid matter.
scope note	The subject of condensed matter physics that deals with the macroscopic and microscopic physical properties of matter, especially the solid and liquid phases which arise from electromagnetic forces between atoms. More generally, the subject deals with "condensed" phases of matter: systems of many constituents with strong interactions between them.
Formal description
Subclass Of	StateOfMatter
Subclasses	Liquid, Solid

ContinuumSubstance#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#ContinuumSubstance
prefLabel	ContinuumSubstance
definition	A state that is a collection of sufficiently large number of other parts such that: - it is the bearer of qualities that can exists only by the fact that it is a sum of parts - the smallest partition dV of the state volume in which we are interested in, contains enough parts to be statistically consistent: n [#/m3] x dV [m3] >> 1
scope note	A continuum is made of a sufficient number of parts that it continues to exists as continuum individual even after the loss of one of them i.e. a continuum is a redundant., A continuum is not necessarily small (i.e. composed by the minimum amount of sates to fulfill the definition). A single continuum individual can be the whole fluid in a pipe., A continuum is the bearer of properties that are generated by the interactions of parts such as viscosity and thermal or electrical conductivity.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Substance
Subclasses	StateOfMatter, PhaseOfMatter, Mixture

CrystallineMaterial#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#CrystallineMaterial
prefLabel	CrystallineMaterial
definition	A solid where atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a highly ordered, repeating, three-dimensional pattern, forming a crystal lattice that extends throughout the substance, giving it characteristic geometric shapes and distinct physical properties like sharp melting points, unlike amorphous solids with random structures.
Formal description
Subclass Of	MaterialByStructure, Solid

ElectronicMaterial#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#ElectronicMaterial
prefLabel	ElectronicMaterial
definition	A material for electronic applications, like silicon used in computer chips, solar cells, and circuits.
Formal description
Subclass Of	MaterialByFunction

ElementalSubstance#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#ElementalSubstance
prefLabel	ElementalSubstance
altLabel	PureSubstance
definition	A chemical substance composed of atoms with the same number of protons in the atomic nucleus.
Formal description
Subclass Of	ChemicalSubstance

EnergyMaterial#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#EnergyMaterial
prefLabel	EnergyMaterial
definition	A material for energy applications, including energy generation, storage, and conversion, such as batteries, supercapacitors, and fuel cells.
Formal description
Subclass Of	MaterialByFunction

Fluid#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#Fluid
prefLabel	Fluid
definition	A continuum that has no fixed shape and yields easily to external pressure.
Formal description
Subclass Of	StateOfMatter
Subclasses	Gas, Plasma, Liquid

Example

Gas, liquid, plasma,

Gas#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#Gas
prefLabel	Gas
definition	Gas is a compressible fluid, a state of matter that has no fixed shape and no fixed volume.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Fluid

GranularMaterial#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#GranularMaterial
prefLabel	GranularMaterial
definition	A granular material is a conglomeration of discrete solid, macroscopic particles that are large enough to avoid thermal motion fluctuations, and characterized by a loss of energy whenever the particles interact.
Formal description
Subclass Of	MaterialByCompactness
Subclasses	Powder

InorganicCompound#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#InorganicCompound
prefLabel	InorganicCompound
definition	A chemical compound that is not organic.
Formal description
Subclass Of	ChemicalCompound

IonAtom#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#IonAtom
prefLabel	IonAtom
definition	A standalone atom with an unbalanced number of electrons with respect to its atomic number.
Formal description
Subclass Of	StandaloneAtom

Liquid#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#Liquid
prefLabel	Liquid
definition	A liquid is a nearly incompressible fluid that conforms to the shape of its container but retains a (nearly) constant volume independent of pressure.
Formal description
Subclass Of	CondensedMatter, Fluid

MacroMolecule#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#MacroMolecule
prefLabel	MacroMolecule
definition	A molecule with a specific weight larger than 5000 dalton.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Molecule

MagneticMaterial#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#MagneticMaterial
prefLabel	MagneticMaterial
definition	A material for magnetic applications, like for data storage, motors, and transformers (e.g., iron, ferrite).
Formal description
Subclass Of	MaterialByFunction

ManufacturedMaterial#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#ManufacturedMaterial
Formal description
Subclass Of	ArtificialMaterial

Material#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#Material
prefLabel	Material
definition	The class of individuals standing for an amount of ordinary matter substance.
scope note	A instance of a material (e.g. nitrogen) can represent any state of matter. The fact that the individual also belongs to other classes (e.g. Gas) would reveal the actual form in which the material is found., A material may be either a mesoscopic or a continuum substance., Material usually means some definite kind, quality, or quantity of matter, especially as intended for use.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Substance
Subclasses	MaterialByCompactness, MaterialByOrigin, MaterialByFunction, MaterialBySize, MaterialByClassicalMaterialsScience, MaterialByForceResponse

MaterialByClassicalMaterialsScience#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#MaterialByClassicalMaterialsScience
Formal description
Subclass Of	Material
Subclasses	MaterialByType, MaterialByStructure

MaterialByCompactness#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#MaterialByCompactness
prefLabel	MaterialByCompactness
Formal description
Subclass Of	Material
Subclasses	GranularMaterial, CompactMaterial

MaterialByForceResponse#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#MaterialByForceResponse
Formal description
Subclass Of	Material

MaterialByFunction#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#MaterialByFunction
Formal description
Subclass Of	Material
Subclasses	EnergyMaterial, OpticalMaterial, BiocompatibleMaterial, AdvancedMaterial, MagneticMaterial, StructuralMaterial, ElectronicMaterial

MaterialByOrigin#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#MaterialByOrigin
prefLabel	MaterialByOrigin
Formal description
Subclass Of	Material
Subclasses	NaturalMaterial, ArtificialMaterial

MaterialBySize#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#MaterialBySize
prefLabel	MaterialBySize
Formal description
Subclass Of	Material
Subclasses	NanoMaterial

MaterialByStructure#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#MaterialByStructure
prefLabel	MaterialByStructure
Formal description
Subclass Of	MaterialByClassicalMaterialsScience
Subclasses	AmorphousMaterial, CrystallineMaterial

MaterialByType#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#MaterialByType
definition	Categorisation of matter by its type.
Formal description
Subclass Of	MaterialByClassicalMaterialsScience
Subclasses	CompositeMaterial, PolymericMaterial, CeramicMaterial, MetallicMaterial

MesoscopicSubstance#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#MesoscopicSubstance
prefLabel	MesoscopicSubstance
definition	A matter that is not a particulate matter and that does not fullfill the criteria of being a continuum substance.
scope note	Mesoscopic substances typically exist on a length scale between atoms and molecules and macroscopic (bulk) substances. They are typically in the range of some nanometers to about a micrometer and often exhibit unique physical properties due to their size and shape.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Substance

Example

nanoparticle, quantum dot, carbon nanotupe

MetallicMaterial#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#MetallicMaterial
prefLabel	MetallicMaterial
definition	Inorganic substance, consisting of one or more metallic elements.
scope note	Metallic materials are known for their shiny luster, excellent electrical/thermal conductivity, malleability (shapable by hammering), and ductility (can be drawn into wires), due to metallic bonding (shared electrons); they often form alloys (like steel from iron/carbon) to enhance these properties for diverse applications.
Formal description
Subclass Of	MaterialByType

Mixture#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#Mixture
prefLabel	Mixture
definition	A continuum substance made up of two or more different substances which are physically (not chemically) combined.
Formal description
Subclass Of	ContinuumSubstance

MolecularEntity#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#MolecularEntity
prefLabel	MolecularEntity
definition	Any constitutionally or isotopically distinct atom, molecule, ion, ion pair, radical, radical ion, complex, conformer etc., identifiable as a separately distinguishable entity that can undergo a chemical reaction.
scope note	Molecular entity is used as a general term for singular entities, irrespective of their nature, while chemical species stands for sets or ensembles of molecular entities. Note that the name of a compound may refer to the respective molecular entity or to the chemical species,
Formal description
Subclass Of	ChemicalEntity
Subclasses	PolyAtomicEntity, Molecule, Atom, MolecularEntity

Example

Hydrogen molecule is an adequate definition of a certain molecular entity for some purposes, whereas for others it is necessary to distinguish the electronic state and/or vibrational state and/or nuclear spin, etc. of the hydrogen molecule.

Methane, may mean a single molecule of CH4 (molecular entity) or a molar amount, specified or not (chemical species), participating in a reaction. The degree of precision necessary to describe a molecular entity depends on the context.

Molecule#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#Molecule
prefLabel	Molecule
definition	An atom-based state defined by an exact number of e-bonded atomic species and an electron cloud made of the shared electrons.
scope note	An entity is called essential if removing one direct part will lead to a change in entity class. An entity is called redundant if removing one direct part will not lead to a change in entity class., This definition states that this object is a non-periodic set of atoms or a set with a finite periodicity. Removing an atom from the state will result in another type of atom_based state. e.g. you cannot remove H from H₂0 without changing the molecule type (essential). However, you can remove a C from a nanotube (redundant). C60 fullerene is a molecule, since it has a finite periodicity and is made of a well defined number of atoms (essential). A C nanotube is not a molecule, since it has an infinite periodicity (redundant).
Formal description
Subclass Of	MolecularEntity
Subclasses	MacroMolecule, Protein, SmallMolecule

Example

H₂0, C₆H₁₂O₆, CH₄

NanoComposite#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#NanoComposite
prefLabel	NanoComposite
definition	A composite material with at least one physically or chemically distinct region or collection of regions having at least one dimension in the range of 1-100 nm.
Formal description
Subclass Of	NanoStructuredMaterial, CompositeMaterial

NanoFiber#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#NanoFiber
prefLabel	NanoFiber
definition	A material with two dimensions in the range of 1-100 nm.
scope note	Nanofibers are often considered to be 1-dimensional nanomaterials.
Formal description
Subclass Of	NanoObject
Subclasses	NanoRod, NanoTube

NanoMaterial#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#NanoMaterial
prefLabel	NanoMaterial
definition	Material with any external dimension in the nanoscale or having internal structure or surface structure in the nanoscale, i.e. in the range of 1-100 nm.
scope note	The above definition comes from ISO 80004-1:2023.
Formal description
Subclass Of	MaterialBySize
Subclasses	NanoObject, NanoStructuredMaterial

NanoObject#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#NanoObject
prefLabel	NanoObject
definition	Material with any external dimension in the nanoscale, i.e. in the range of 1-100 nm.
Formal description
Subclass Of	NanoMaterial
Subclasses	NanoParticle, NanoFiber, NanoPlate

NanoParticle#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#NanoParticle
prefLabel	NanoParticle
definition	A material with all dimensions in the range of 1-100 nm.
scope note	Nanoparticles are often considered to be 0-dimensional nanomaterials.
Formal description
Subclass Of	NanoObject

NanoPlate#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#NanoPlate
prefLabel	NanoPlate
definition	A material with one dimension in the range of 1-100 nm.
scope note	Nanoplates are often considered to be 2-dimensional nanomaterials.
Formal description
Subclass Of	NanoObject

NanoRod#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#NanoRod
prefLabel	NanoRod
definition	A solid nanofiber.
Formal description
Subclass Of	NanoFiber

NanoStructuredMaterial#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#NanoStructuredMaterial
prefLabel	NanoStructuredMaterial
definition	A material with at least one physically or chemically distinct region with at least one dimension in the range of 1-100 nm.
scope note	Nanostructured materials are considered to be 3-dimensional nanomaterials.
Formal description
Subclass Of	NanoMaterial
Subclasses	NanoComposite

NanoTube#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#NanoTube
prefLabel	NanoTube
definition	A hollow nanofiber.
Formal description
Subclass Of	NanoFiber

NaturalMaterial#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#NaturalMaterial
prefLabel	NaturalMaterial
definition	A Material occurring in nature, without the need of human intervention.
Formal description
Subclass Of	MaterialByOrigin

NeutralAtom#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#NeutralAtom
prefLabel	NeutralAtom
definition	A standalone atom that has no net charge.
Formal description
Subclass Of	StandaloneAtom

OpticalMaterial#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#OpticalMaterial
prefLabel	OpticalMaterial
definition	A material for optical applications. Designed for specific interactions with light, such as fiber optics, lasers, or transparent coatings.
Formal description
Subclass Of	MaterialByFunction

OrganicCompound#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#OrganicCompound
prefLabel	OrganicCompound
definition	A chemical compound containing carbon atoms.
scope note	The definition of organic compound is based on the IUPAC Gold Book. However, sometimes an organic compound is defined as a chemical compound that contains a carbon-hydrogen or carbon-carbon bond. Also, some carbon-containing compounds are typically not classified as organic, like carbides, carbonates, and cyanides.
Formal description
Subclass Of	ChemicalCompound

PhaseOfMatter#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#PhaseOfMatter
prefLabel	PhaseOfMatter
altLabel	Phase
definition	A matter object throughout which all physical properties of a material are essentially uniform.
scope note	In the physical sciences, a phase is a region of space (a thermodynamic system), throughout which all physical properties of a material are essentially uniform. Examples of physical properties include density, index of refraction, magnetization and chemical composition. A simple description is that a phase is a region of material that is chemically uniform, physically distinct, and (often) mechanically separable. In a system consisting of ice and water in a glass jar, the ice cubes are one phase, the water is a second phase, and the humid air is a third phase over the ice and water. The glass of the jar is another separate phase. The term phase is sometimes used as a synonym for state of matter, but there can be several immiscible phases of the same state of matter. Also, the term phase is sometimes used to refer to a set of equilibrium states demarcated in terms of state variables such as pressure and temperature by a phase boundary on a phase diagram. Because phase boundaries relate to changes in the organization of matter, such as a change from liquid to solid or a more subtle change from one crystal structure to another, this latter usage is similar to the use of "phase" as a synonym for state of matter. However, the state of matter and phase diagram usages are not commensurate with the formal definition given above and the intended meaning must be determined in part from the context in which the term is used.
Formal description
Subclass Of	ContinuumSubstance

Plasma#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#Plasma
prefLabel	Plasma
definition	A fluid in which a gas is ionized to a level where its electrical conductivity allows long-range electric and magnetic fields to dominate its behaviour.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Fluid

PolyAtomicEntity#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#PolyAtomicEntity
definition	An entity made of two or more bonded atoms.
Formal description
Subclass Of	MolecularEntity
Subclasses	PolyatomicEntity

PolymericMaterial#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#PolymericMaterial
prefLabel	PolymericMaterial
definition	A substance made of macromolecules formed by linking many smaller, repeating chemical units called monomers into long chains or networks, resulting in unique properties like toughness, elasticity, or flexibility, found in both natural forms (like DNA, protein) and synthetic plastics, rubbers, and fibers.
Formal description
Subclass Of	MaterialByType

Powder#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#Powder
prefLabel	Powder
definition	A powder is a granular material composed of many very fine dry solid particles that may flow freely when shaken or tilted.
Formal description
Subclass Of	GranularMaterial

Protein#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#Protein
prefLabel	Protein
definition	A large molecule made of long chains of amino acids.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Molecule

SmallMolecule#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#MicroMolecule
prefLabel	SmallMolecule
altLabel	MicroMolecule
definition	A molecule with a specific weight smaller than 1000 dalton.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Molecule

Solid#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#Solid
prefLabel	Solid
definition	A continuum characterized by structural rigidity and resistance to changes of shape or volume, that retains its shape and density when not confined.
Formal description
Subclass Of	CondensedMatter
Subclasses	CrystallineMaterial, CompactMaterial

StandaloneAtom#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#StandaloneAtom
prefLabel	StandaloneAtom
definition	An atom that does not share electrons with other atoms.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Atom
Subclasses	IonAtom, NeutralAtom

StateOfMatter#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#StateOfMatter
prefLabel	StateOfMatter
definition	A superclass made as the disjoint union of all the form under which matter can exist.
scope note	In physics, a state of matter is one of the distinct forms in which matter can exist. Four states of matter are observable in everyday life: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma.
Formal description
Subclass Of	ContinuumSubstance
Subclasses	Fluid, CondensedMatter

StructuralMaterial#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#StructuralMaterial
prefLabel	StructuralMaterial
definition	A material Designed to bear loads and provide mechanical strength, stiffness, and durability (e.g., steel for bridges, concrete for buildings, aerospace alloys).
Formal description
Subclass Of	MaterialByFunction

Substance#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#Substance
prefLabel	Substance
definition	A matter entity characterised by the fact that it possesses some homogeneous properties or identification criteria.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Matter
Subclasses	ContinuumSubstance, Material, ChemicalSubstance, MesoscopicSubstance

Example

A litre of water.

A pen can be classified as a substance (although it has parts with different properties) since it can be identified as being solid.

Annotation Properties#

abstract#

Annotations
IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/abstract
Formal description
Subproperty Of	AnnotationProperty

altLabel#

Annotations
IRI	http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#altLabel
Formal description
Subproperty Of	AnnotationProperty, AnnotationProperty

definition#

Annotations
IRI	http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#definition
prefLabel	definition
definition	A free-text account of the resource.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	AnnotationProperty, AnnotationProperty
Domain	Resource
Range	http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#langString

example#

Annotations
IRI	http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#example
Formal description
Subproperty Of	AnnotationProperty, AnnotationProperty

prefLabel#

Annotations
IRI	http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#prefLabel
Formal description
Subproperty Of	AnnotationProperty, AnnotationProperty

scope note#

Annotations
IRI	http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#scopeNote
definition	A note that helps to clarify the meaning and/or the use of a concept.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	AnnotationProperty, AnnotationProperty, note

title#

Annotations
IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/title
prefLabel	title
definition	A name given to the resource.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	AnnotationProperty
Domain	Resource
Range	http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#langString

Module: Models#

Classes#

AbductiveReasoningModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#AbductiveReasoningModel
prefLabel	AbductiveReasoningModel
definition	Identifies the most plausible explanation for incomplete observations. Analogical Reasoning
Formal description
Subclass Of	CognitionAndLearningModel

Adaboost#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#Adaboost
prefLabel	Adaboost
definition	A supervised ensemble learning algorithm primarily used for classification and, less commonly, regression tasks.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Classification

AnalogicalModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#AnalogicalIcon
prefLabel	AnalogicalModel
altLabel	AnalogicalIcon
definition	A model that represents the internal logical structure of the object.
scope note	A model that focus on HOW the object works., The subclass of model inspired by Peirceian category (b) the diagram, whose internal relations, mainly dyadic or so taken, represent by analogy (with the same logic) the relations in something (e.g. math formula, geometric flowchart).
Formal description
Subclass Of	Model
Subclasses	MathematicalModel

Example

A physics equation is replicating the mechanisms internal to the object.

Electrical diagram is diagrammatic and resemblance

MODA and CHADA are diagrammatic representation of a simulation or a characterisation workflow.

AnalogicalReasoningModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#AnalogicalReasoningModel
prefLabel	AnalogicalReasoningModel
definition	Solves new problems by drawing parallels to known scenarios.
Formal description
Subclass Of	CognitionAndLearningModel

ArtificialIntelligenceModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#ArtificialIntelligenceModel
prefLabel	ArtificialIntelligenceModel
altLabel	ArtificialIntelligence
definition	A machine-based system that preceives its environment, pursues goals, adapts to feedback/change and provides information/takes action. .
Formal description
Subclass Of	DataBasedModel
Subclasses	PerceptionModel, CognitionAndLearningModel, BehaviorModel

ArtificialNeuralNetwork#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#ArtificialNeuralNetwork
prefLabel	ArtificialNeuralNetwork
altLabel	NeuralNetwork
definition	AI model inspired by the human brain, featuring interconnected layers of artificial neurons that process data to recognize complex patterns, make predictions, and drive machine learning, especially in tasks like computer vision and natural language processing., Neural networks learn by adjusting connection weights via training, with deep networks employing multiple layers for high-level abstraction.
Formal description
Subclass Of	MachineLearningModel
Subclasses	Autoencoder, DeepLearningModel

AtomicInteractionModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#AtomicInteractionModel
prefLabel	AtomicInteractionModel
definition	A physics-based model based on a physics equation describing the interaction between atoms.
Formal description
Subclass Of	AtomisticModel

AtomisticModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#AtomisticModel
prefLabel	AtomisticModel
Formal description
Subclass Of	MaterialsModel
Subclasses	AtomicInteractionModel, AtomisticMolecularDynamics, StructureManipulationModel

Example

A physics-based model based on a physics equation describing the behaviour of atoms.

AtomisticMolecularDynamics#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#AtomisticMolecularDynamics
prefLabel	AtomisticMolecularDynamics
definition	Atomistic model that models the physical movements of atoms and molecules over time by numerically solving Newton’s equations of motion.
Formal description
Subclass Of	AtomisticModel

Autoencoder#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#Autoencoder
prefLabel	Autoencoder
definition	Neural networks designed to compress input data into a lower-dimensional bottleneck layer and then reconstruct it, effectively learning efficient, non-linear representations.
Formal description
Subclass Of	ArtificialNeuralNetwork, DimensionalityReduction

Bagging#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#Bagging
prefLabel	Bagging
definition	A prediction learning meta-algorithm designed to improve the stability and accuracy of predictive models, specifically by reducing variance and helping to avoid overfitting.
Formal description
Subclass Of	PredictionLearningModel

BehaviorModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#BehaviorModel
prefLabel	BehaviorModel
definition	AI systems trained on vast, multimodal datasets—including video, sensor data, and action logs—to understand, predict, and simulate human-like actions and complex decision-making processes.
scope note	Unlike LLMs that process text, LBMs focus on "what people do," utilizing reinforcement learning to adapt to dynamic environments.
Formal description
Subclass Of	ArtificialIntelligenceModel

Boosting#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#Boosting
prefLabel	Boosting
definition	A prediction learning ensemble model designed to improve the predictive performance of models by converting multiple "weak learners" (models with low predictive power, often simple decision trees) into a single "strong learner".
Formal description
Subclass Of	PredictionLearningModel

Classification#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#Classification
prefLabel	Classification
definition	A supervised learning model that trains models using labeled data to categorize new, unseen data into predefined classes.
Formal description
Subclass Of	SupervisedLearningModel
Subclasses	SupportVectorMachine, ExtraTreesClassifier, NaiveBayes, Adaboost, DecisionTree

Clustering#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#Clustering
prefLabel	Clustering
definition	An unsupervised learning model that automatically groups unlabeled data into clusters based on similarities in their features.
Formal description
Subclass Of	UnsupervicedLearningModel

CognitionAndLearningModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#CognitionAndLearningModel
prefLabel	CognitionAndLearningModel
altLabel	Blends artificial intelligence with cognitive science to simulate human thought processes (sensing, reasoning, and learning) rather than just executing predefined rules., CognitiveAI
Formal description
Subclass Of	ArtificialIntelligenceModel
Subclasses	MachineLearningModel, AnalogicalReasoningModel, Logic, PlanningModel, InductiveReasining, KnowledgeRepresentation, AbductiveReasoningModel

CollaborativeFiltering#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#CollaborativeFiltering
prefLabel	CollaborativeFiltering
definition	A widely used recommender system model that primarily operates by leveraging similarities between users and items based on past interactions (like ratings or purchases).
Formal description
Subclass Of	RemommenderSystem

Computation#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#Computation
prefLabel	Computation
definition	A process that deals with quantitative symbols (i.e. symbols associated with a quantitative oriented language).
Formal description
Subclass Of	Process
Subclasses	DataProcessing

ComputerVision#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#ComputerVision
prefLabel	ComputerVision
altLabel	MachineVision
definition	AI system that is able to acquire, understand and use digital images to recognize activities, objects, and images.
scope note
Formal description
Subclass Of	PerceptionModel
Subclasses	ObjectDetection, ImageSegmentation, ImageClassification, TargetTracking

ContentExtraction#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#ContentExtraction
prefLabel	ContentExtraction
definition	A natural language model tha tinvolves analyzing text to move beyond keyword matching, identifying the "who, what, and why" behind user input by extracting entities, themes, and semantic relationships.
Formal description
Subclass Of	NaturalLanguageUnderstanding

ContinuumModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#ContinuumModel
prefLabel	ContinuumModel
Formal description
Subclass Of	MaterialsModel

Example

A physics-based model based on a physics equation describing the behaviour of continuum volume.

ConvolutionNeuralNetwork#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#ConvolutionNeuralNetwork
prefLabel	ConvolutionNeuralNetwork
definition	A type of deep learning based on feedforward neural network that learns features via filter (or kernel) optimization.
Formal description
Subclass Of	DeepLearningModel

CumulativeHypergeometricTest#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#CumulativeHypergeometricTest
prefLabel	CumulativeHypergeometricTest
definition	A statistical test that determines the statistical significance (p-value) of observing `k` or more/fewer successes in a sample drawn without replacement from a finite population. It tests if a subpopulation is over- or under-represented, often calculating `P(X>=k)` or `P(X<=k)`. It is essential for small populations where sampling changes probabilities.
Formal description
Subclass Of	StatisticalTest

DataBasedModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#DataBasedModel
prefLabel	DataBasedModel
definition	A mathematical model based on observed data, measurements, or experimental results.
Formal description
Subclass Of	MathematicalModel
Subclasses	ArtificialIntelligenceModel

DataProcessing#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#DataProcessing
prefLabel	DataProcessing
definition	A computation that provides a data output following the elaboration of some input data, using a data processing application.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Computation
Restrictions	hasParticipant some DataProcessingSoftware

DataProcessingSoftware#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#DataProcessingSoftware
prefLabel	DataProcessingSoftware
altLabel	DataProcessingApplication
definition	A software program aimed for data processing.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Software
Restrictions	implementsModel some MathematicalModel

DecisionTree#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#DecisionTree
prefLabel	DecisionTree
definition	A non-parametric, supervised learning algorithm used for both classification and regression tasks.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Classification

DeepFeedForwardNetwork#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#DeepFeedForwardNetwork
prefLabel	DeepFeedForwardNetwork
definition	Foundational deep learning model that approximate complex functions by mapping inputs to outputs through multiple, unidirectional hidden layers.
Formal description
Subclass Of	DeepLearningModel

DeepLearningModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#DeepLearningModel
prefLabel	DeepLearningModel
definition	Machine learning based on artificial neural networks with multiple layers (often hundreds) that simulate the human brain's structure to learn complex, non-linear patterns from vast datasets.
scope note	Deep learning powers modern AI in image recognition, NLP, and generative models, outperforming traditional algorithms.
Formal description
Subclass Of	ArtificialNeuralNetwork
Subclasses	GenerativeAIModel, GenerativeAdversarialNetwork, SiameseNeuralNetwork, TransformerAI, RecurrentNeuralNetwork, GraphNeuralNetwork, ConvolutionNeuralNetwork, DeepFeedForwardNetwork

DimensionalityReduction#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#DimensionalityReduction
prefLabel	DimensionalityReduction
definition	AI model that transforms high-dimensional datasets into lower-dimensional representations while preserving essential information, mitigating the "curse of dimensionality.
scope note
Formal description
Subclass Of	MachineLearningModel
Subclasses	Autoencoder, LinearDiscriminantAnalysis, PrincipalComponentAnalysis, TDistributedStochasticNeighborEmbedding

DynamicProgramming#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#DynamicProgramming
prefLabel	DynamicProgramming
definition	, A reinforced learning model for solving complex problems by breaking them down into smaller, simpler subproblems and storing the results to avoid redundant calculations.
Formal description
Subclass Of	ReinforcedLearningModel

ElectronicModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#ElectronicModel
prefLabel	ElectronicModel
definition	A physics-based model based on a physics equation describing the behaviour of electrons.
Formal description
Subclass Of	MaterialsModel

Example

Density functional theory. Hartree-Fock.

EnsembleLearningModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#EnsembleLearningModel
prefLabel	EnsembleLearningModel
definition	A machine learning model that combines multiple individual models (often called base learners or weak learners) to produce a single, more accurate, and robust predictive model.
Formal description
Subclass Of	MachineLearningModel
Subclasses	ExtraTreesClassifier

ExpertSystem#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#ExpertSystem
prefLabel	ExpertSystem
definition	AI system that contains manually inputted rules and data to copy human decision-making abilities.
scope note
Formal description
Subclass Of	KnowledgeRepresentation

ExtraTreesClassifier#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#ExtraTreesClassifier
prefLabel	ExtraTreesClassifier
definition	An ensemble learning model that builds multiple decision trees by choosing random splits for each node, rather than searching for the most discriminative threshold like Random Forest.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Classification, EnsembleLearningModel

FunctionalModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#FunctionalIcon
prefLabel	FunctionalModel
altLabel	FunctionalIcon
definition	A model that imitates one representative character of the object. It share external similarities with the object, but not necessarily the same internal logical structure.
scope note	A model that focusing WHAT the object does., This subclass of model inspired by Peirceian category (c) the metaphor, which represents the representative character of a sign by representing a parallelism in something else.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Model
Subclasses	Replica

Example

A data based model is only a functional model, since it provide the same relations between the properties of the object (e.g., it can predict some properties as function of others) but is not considering the internal mechanisms (i.e., it can ignore the physics).

GenerativeAIModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#GenerativeAIModel
prefLabel	GenerativeAIModel
altLabel	GenerativeArtificialIntelligenceModel
definition	An AI model that can generate new content, like text, images or code.
Formal description
Subclass Of	DeepLearningModel
Subclasses	ModernGenerativeAIModel

Example

Chatbots

GenerativeAdversarialNetwork#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#GenerativeAdversarialNetwork
prefLabel	GenerativeAdversarialNetwork
definition	A deep learning framework where two neural networks, the generator and discriminator, compete against each other to create new, synthetic instances of data (images, music, text) that resemble training data.
Formal description
Subclass Of	DeepLearningModel

GraphBasedLearningModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#GraphBasedLearningModel
prefLabel	GraphBasedLearningModel
altLabel	GraphBasedAlgorithm
definition	A semi-superviced machine learning paradigm that analyzes data structured as nodes and edges, exploiting topological relationships rather than treating data points as independent.
Formal description
Subclass Of	SemiSupervicedLearningModel

GraphNeuralNetwork#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#GraphNeuralNetwork
prefLabel	GraphNeuralNetwork
definition	Deep learning model designed to analyze data represented as graphs with nodes (entities) and edges (relationships).
Formal description
Subclass Of	DeepLearningModel

HeuristicLearningModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#HeuristicLearningModel
prefLabel	HeuristicLearningModel
altLabel	HeuristicMethod
definition	, An experience-based, discovery-oriented reinforced learning model to problem-solving that uses "rules of thumb," intuition, and mental shortcuts to find satisfactory solutions quickly when optimal ones are impractical.
scope note
Formal description
Subclass Of	ReinforcedLearningModel

ImageClassification#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#ImageClassification
prefLabel	ImageClassification
definition	A core computer vision task that assigns a predefined label or category to an entire image based on its visual content.
Formal description
Subclass Of	ComputerVision

ImageSegmentation#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#ImageSegmentation
prefLabel	ImageSegmentation
definition	Computer vision algorithm for partitioning a digital image into distinct, meaningful regions at the pixel level to identify object boundaries and simplify image analysis.
Formal description
Subclass Of	ComputerVision

InductiveReasining#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#ProbabilityModel
altLabel	InductiveReasining
definition	AI system based on the probabilistic relationships between variables based on mathematical models.
scope note	Generalizes from specific observations, identifying patterns to predict outcomes (probabilistic).
Formal description
Subclass Of	CognitionAndLearningModel

Information#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#Information
prefLabel	Information
definition	Data with meaning (semiotic sign).
Formal description
Subclass Of	Sign, Data
Subclasses	MathematicalModel

KnowledgeRepresentation#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#KnowledgeRepresentation
definition	Represent facts in the format of reusable knowledge. It combines a series of rules to simulate how a human brain functions through artificial means. It can make inferences and judgments based on knowledge provided by one or more experts and simulate human experts' decision-making process.
Formal description
Subclass Of	CognitionAndLearningModel
Subclasses	ExpertSystem

LargeLanguageModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#LargeLanguageModel
prefLabel	LargeLanguageModel
altLabel	LLM
definition	A specialized subset of Generative Artificial Intelligence that is fundamentally defined by its use of transformer architecture (specifically encoders, decoders, or both) to process and generate human-like text by predicting the next token in a sequence.
Formal description
Subclass Of	ModernGenerativeAIModel, TextGeneration

LinearDiscriminantAnalysis#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#LinearDiscriminantAnalysis
prefLabel	LinearDiscriminantAnalysis
definition	A dimensionality reduction model used in classification tasks to find a feature subspace that maximizes class separability.
Formal description
Subclass Of	DimensionalityReduction

Logic#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#Logic
prefLabel	Logic
altLabel	DeductiveReasoning
definition	A AI system based on generic rules of the reasoning behind different cases of problem-solving.
Formal description
Subclass Of	CognitionAndLearningModel

Example

If A=B and B=C, then A=C

LogisticRegressionModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#LogisticRegressionModel
prefLabel	LogisticRegressionModel
definition	A fundamental supervised machine learning algorithm used for classification, predicting the probability of a categorical dependent variable.
Formal description
Subclass Of	RegressionModel

LowDensitySeparationModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#LowDensitySeparationModel
prefLabel	LowDensitySeparationModel
definition	A semi-supervised model where the decision boundary between classes is placed in a low-density region of the data distribution.
Formal description
Subclass Of	SemiSupervicedLearningModel

MachineLearningModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#MachineLearningModel
prefLabel	MachineLearningModel
definition	AI model that learns progressively by discovering implicit patterns and performing an intellectual task without explicit instructions in advance.
Formal description
Subclass Of	CognitionAndLearningModel
Subclasses	ArtificialNeuralNetwork, DimensionalityReduction, SemiSupervicedLearningModel, SupervisedLearningModel, ReinforcedLearningModel, UnsupervicedLearningModel, EnsembleLearningModel

MachineTranslation#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#MachineTranslation
prefLabel	MachineTranslation
definition	A natural language understanding model that enables machine translation to move beyond word-for-word substitution by analyzing intent, context, and semantic meaning.
Formal description
Subclass Of	NaturalLanguageUnderstanding

MaterialsModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#MaterialsModel
prefLabel	MaterialsModel
definition	A solvable set of one Physics Equation and one or more Materials Relations.
Formal description
Subclass Of	PhysicsBasedModel
Subclasses	MesoscopicModel, ElectronicModel, AtomisticModel, ContinuumModel

MathematicalModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#MathematicalModel
prefLabel	MathematicalModel
definition	An analogical model expressed in mathematical language.
scope note	A mathematical model can be defined as a description of a system using mathematical concepts and language to facilitate proper explanation of a system or to study the effects of different components and to make predictions on patterns of behaviour. Abramowitz and Stegun, 1968
Formal description
Subclass Of	AnalogicalModel, Information
Subclasses	QSARModel, DataBasedModel, PhysicsBasedModel, StatisticalModel

MesoscopicModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#MesoscopicModel
prefLabel	MesoscopicModel
Formal description
Subclass Of	MaterialsModel

Example

A physics-based model based on a physics equation describing the behaviour of mesoscopic entities, i.e. a set of bounded atoms like a molecule, bead or nanoparticle.

Model#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#Model
prefLabel	Model
definition	A useful simplified description of a selected part of the world.
scope note	A model is a sign that resembles or imitates an object, in shape, function or by sharing a similar logical structure.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Sign
Subclasses	AnalogicalModel, FunctionalModel, ResemblanceModel

Example

ModernGenerativeAIModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#ModernGenerativeAIModel
definition	Generative AI based on the transformer architecture., ModernGenerativeAIModel
Formal description
Subclass Of	GenerativeAIModel, TransformerAI
Subclasses	LargeLanguageModel

MonteCarloLearningModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#MonteCarloLearningModel
prefLabel	MonteCarloLearningModel
altLabel	MonteCarloMethod
definition	A model-free reinforcement learning model that estimates value functions by averaging total returns from complete episodes of experience.
Formal description
Subclass Of	ReinforcedLearningModel

NaiveBayes#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#NaiveBayes
prefLabel	NaiveBayes
definition	A family of supervised learning algorithms used for classification problems, such as spam detection and sentiment analysis.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Classification

NaturalLanguageClassification#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#NaturalLanguageClassification
prefLabel	NaturalLanguageClassification
definition	A natural language understandig model that automatically assigns predefined categories, tags, or labels to unstructured text.
Formal description
Subclass Of	NaturalLanguageUnderstanding

NaturalLanguageGeneration#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#NaturalLanguageGeneration
prefLabel	NaturalLanguageGeneration
definition	A subfield of natural language processing (NLP) that automatically converts structured data or input into human-like written or spoken text.
Formal description
Subclass Of	NaturalLanguageProcessingModel
Subclasses	TextGeneration

NaturalLanguageProcessingModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#NaturalLanguageProcessingModel
prefLabel	NaturalLanguageProcessingModel
definition	An AI model that understands and generates human language.
Formal description
Subclass Of	PerceptionModel
Subclasses	NaturalLanguageUnderstanding, NaturalLanguageGeneration

Example

Chatbots

NaturalLanguageUnderstanding#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#NaturalLanguageUnderstanding
prefLabel	NaturalLanguageUnderstanding
definition	A subfield natural language processing (NLP) that enables machines to comprehend the intent, sentiment, and context behind human language.
Formal description
Subclass Of	NaturalLanguageProcessingModel
Subclasses	NaturalLanguageClassification, ContentExtraction, QuestionAnswering, MachineTranslation

ObjectDetection#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#ObjectDetection
prefLabel	ObjectDetection
definition	A computer vision model that combines image classification and localization to identify, label, and locate multiple objects within images or videos.
Formal description
Subclass Of	ComputerVision

PerceptionModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#PerceptionModel
prefLabel	PerceptionModel
altLabel	KnowledgeBasedInferenceEngine
definition	AI model that interact with the external world and process sensory information.
Formal description
Subclass Of	ArtificialIntelligenceModel
Subclasses	NaturalLanguageProcessingModel, ComputerVision

PhysicsBasedModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#PhysicsBasedModel
prefLabel	PhysicsBasedModel
definition	A mathematical model based on a fundamental physics theory which defines the relations between physics quantities of an entity.
Formal description
Subclass Of	MathematicalModel
Subclasses	MaterialsModel, PhysicsEquation

PhysicsEquation#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#PhysicsEquation
prefLabel	PhysicsEquation
definition	An 'equation' that stands for a 'physical_law' by mathematically defining the relations between physics_quantities.
Formal description
Subclass Of	PhysicsBasedModel

Example

The Newton’s equation of motion. The Schrödinger equation. The Navier-Stokes equation.

PlanningModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#PlanningModel
prefLabel	PlanningModel
altLabel	Planning
definition	System for intelligent planning and scheduling of tasks.
Formal description
Subclass Of	CognitionAndLearningModel

PredictionLearningModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#PredictionLearningModel
prefLabel	PredictionLearningModel
altLabel	PredictiveModelling
definition	A branch of supervised learning that uses historical data, statistical algorithms, and data mining techniques to identify patterns and forecast future outcomes.
Formal description
Subclass Of	SupervisedLearningModel
Subclasses	Bagging, Boosting, RandomForest, XGBoostRegressor

PrincipalComponentAnalysis#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#PrincipalComponentAnalysis
prefLabel	PrincipalComponentAnalysis
definition	linear feature extraction model that transforms data into a new set of variables (principal components) that maximize variance.
Formal description
Subclass Of	DimensionalityReduction

QSARModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#QSARModel
prefLabel	QSARModel
definition	A mathematical model (often a statistical correlation) relating one or more quantitative parameters derived from chemical structure to a quantitative measure of a property or activity (e.g. related to physical-chemical properties, ecotoxicology, environmental fate and transport, and human health hazards). QSARs are quantitative models yielding a continuous or categorical result.
scope note	The aim of a QSAR model is typically to reduce time, monetary cost and needed animal testing., To facilitate practical application of (Q)SAR approaches in regulatory contexts by governments and industry and to improve their regulatory acceptance, the OECD (Q)SAR project has developed various outcomes such as the principles for the validation of (Q)SAR models, guidance documents as well as the QSAR Toolbox.
Formal description
Subclass Of	MathematicalModel

QuestionAnswering#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#QuestionAnswering
prefLabel	QuestionAnswering
definition	A subfield of natural language processing and information retrieval that focuses on building systems capable of automatically answering questions posed by humans in natural language.
Formal description
Subclass Of	NaturalLanguageUnderstanding

RandomForest#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#RandomForest
prefLabel	RandomForest
definition	A prediction learning model for classification and regression that builds multiple decision trees during training.
Formal description
Subclass Of	PredictionLearningModel

RecurrentNeuralNetwork#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#RecurrentNeuralNetwork
prefLabel	RecurrentNeuralNetwork
definition	Neural network designed for sequential or time-series data, featuring feedback connections that allow information to persist.
Formal description
Subclass Of	DeepLearningModel

RegressionModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#RegressionModel
prefLabel	RegressionModel
definition	A supervised learning model used to predict continuous, numerical output values based on labeled training data.
Formal description
Subclass Of	SupervisedLearningModel
Subclasses	LogisticRegressionModel, StepwiseRegressionModel

ReinforcedLearningModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#ReinforcedLearningModel
prefLabel	ReinforcedLearningModel
altLabel	ReinforcementLearning
definition	A machine learning model where an intelligent "agent" learns to make optimal, sequential decisions by interacting with an environment, using trial-and-error to maximize cumulative rewards.
Formal description
Subclass Of	MachineLearningModel
Subclasses	DynamicProgramming, HeuristicLearningModel, MonteCarloLearningModel

RemommenderSystem#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#RecommenderSystem
prefLabel	RemommenderSystem
altLabel	Recommendation
definition	A information filtering system using supervised learning to suggest items most relevant to a particular user.
Formal description
Subclass Of	SupervisedLearningModel
Subclasses	CollaborativeFiltering

Replica#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#Replica
prefLabel	Replica
definition	A model that not only resembles the object, but also can express some of the object's functions.
Formal description
Subclass Of	FunctionalModel, ResemblanceModel

Example

A small scale replica of a plane tested in a wind gallery shares the same functionality in terms of aerodynamic behaviour of the bigger one.

Pinocchio is a functional model of a boy since it imitates the external behaviour without having the internal biological structure of a human being (it is made of magic wood…).

ResemblanceModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#ResemblanceIcon
prefLabel	ResemblanceModel
altLabel	ResemblanceIcon
definition	A model that mimics the spatial or temporal shape of the object.
scope note	A model that focus on WHERE/WHEN the object is, in the sense of spatial or temporal shape., The subclass of model inspired by Peirceian category a) the image, which depends on a simple quality (e.g. picture).
Formal description
Subclass Of	Model
Subclasses	Replica

Example

A geographical map that imitates the shape of the landscape and its properties at a specific historical time.

SelfTrainingModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#SelfTrainingModel
prefLabel	SelfTrainingModel
definition	A semi-supervised machine learning model that improves model performance by iteratively labeling unlabeled data.
Formal description
Subclass Of	SemiSupervicedLearningModel

SemiSupervicedLearningModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#SemiSupervicedLearningModel
prefLabel	SemiSupervicedLearningModel
definition	A machine learning paradigm that trains models using a small amount of labeled data combined with a large volume of unlabeled data.
Formal description
Subclass Of	MachineLearningModel
Subclasses	LowDensitySeparationModel, GraphBasedLearningModel, SelfTrainingModel

SiameseNeuralNetwork#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#SiameseNeuralNetwork
prefLabel	SiameseNeuralNetwork
definition	Class of neural network architectures containing two or more identical subnetworks with shared weights.
Formal description
Subclass Of	DeepLearningModel

Software#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#Software
prefLabel	Software
definition	All or part of the programs, procedures, rules, and associated documentation of an information processing system.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Data
Subclasses	QSARSoftware, Profiler, ComputationalTool, DataProcessingSoftware

StatisticalModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#StatisticalModel
prefLabel	StatisticalModel
definition	A mathematical model that embodies a set of statistical assumptions concerning the generation of sample data (and similar data from a larger population).
Formal description
Subclass Of	MathematicalModel
Subclasses	StatisticalTest

StatisticalTest#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#StatisticalTest
prefLabel	StatisticalTest
definition	A statistical model for analyzing data to determine if research results are significant and to decide whether to reject the null hypothesis, assessing if findings occurred by chance.
Formal description
Subclass Of	StatisticalModel
Subclasses	CumulativeHypergeometricTest

StepwiseRegressionModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#StepwiseRegressionModel
prefLabel	StepwiseRegressionModel
definition	A regression model of fitting regression models in which the choice of predictive variables is carried out by an automatic procedure.
Formal description
Subclass Of	RegressionModel

StructureManipulationModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/emmo/hume#StructureManipulationModel
prefLabel	StructureManipulationModel
definition	A physics based model that manipulates atomic structures.
Formal description
Subclass Of	AtomisticModel

SupervisedLearningModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#SupervisedLearningModel
prefLabel	SupervisedLearningModel
definition	A machine learning paradigm where models are trained using labeled data (input data paired with the correct output) to learn mapping functions that predict outcomes for new, unseen data.
Formal description
Subclass Of	MachineLearningModel
Subclasses	Classification, RegressionModel, PredictionLearningModel, RemommenderSystem

SupportVectorMachine#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#SupportVectorMachine
prefLabel	SupportVectorMachine
altLabel	SVM
definition	Supervised machine learning algorithms used for classification, regression, and outlier detection.
Formal description
Subclass Of	Classification

TDistributedStochasticNeighborEmbedding#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#TDistributedStochasticNeighborEmbedding
prefLabel	TDistributedStochasticNeighborEmbedding
altLabel	t-SNE
definition	A non-linear dimensionality reduction model excellent for visualizing high-dimensional data in 2D or 3D.
Formal description
Subclass Of	DimensionalityReduction

TargetTracking#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#TargetTracking
prefLabel	TargetTracking
definition	A computer vision model for automatically identifying objects in a video and interpreting them as a set of trajectories with high accuracy.
Formal description
Subclass Of	ComputerVision

TextGeneration#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#TextGeneration
prefLabel	TextGeneration
definition	Natural language subfield that focuses on automatically producing human-like, coherent, and contextually relevant text or speech from structured or unstructured data.
Formal description
Subclass Of	NaturalLanguageGeneration
Subclasses	LargeLanguageModel

TransformerAI#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#TransformerAI
prefLabel	TransformerAI
definition	Deep-learning architecture introduced by Google in 2017 that power modern generative AI like ChatGPT and Gemini.
scope note
Formal description
Subclass Of	DeepLearningModel
Subclasses	ModernGenerativeAIModel

UnsupervicedLearningModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#UnsupervicedLearningModel
prefLabel	UnsupervicedLearningModel
definition	A type of machine learning that analyzes and clusters unlabeled datasets to discover hidden patterns, structures, or relationships without human intervention.
Formal description
Subclass Of	MachineLearningModel
Subclasses	Clustering

XGBoostRegressor#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#XGBoostRegessor
prefLabel	XGBoostRegressor
definition	An optimized machine learning algorithm that uses an ensemble of decision trees within a gradient boosting framework to predict continuous numerical values.
scope note	XGBoost Regressor is widely used in data science competitions and real-world applications due to its speed, performance, and features like built-in regularization and automatic handling of missing values.
Formal description
Subclass Of	PredictionLearningModel

Object Properties#

hasParticipant#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#hasParticipant
prefLabel	hasParticipant
definition	The relation between a process and an object participating to it, i.e. that is relevant to the process itself.
scope note	Participation is a parthood relation - you must be part of the process to contribute to it. A participant whose 4D extension is totally contained within the process.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, IrreflexiveProperty, AsymmetricProperty, ObjectProperty, hasProperPart

implementsModel#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#implementsModel
prefLabel	implementsModel
definition	Relates a software to the model it implements.
scope note	Semiotically a software can be seen as an executable sign that stands for the model it implements.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	ObjectProperty, IrreflexiveProperty, AsymmetricProperty, ObjectProperty, standsFor
Domain	Software
Range	Model

Annotation Properties#

abstract#

Annotations
IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/abstract
Formal description
Subproperty Of	AnnotationProperty

altLabel#

Annotations
IRI	http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#altLabel
Formal description
Subproperty Of	AnnotationProperty, AnnotationProperty

definition#

Annotations
IRI	http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#definition
prefLabel	definition
definition	A free-text account of the resource.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	AnnotationProperty, AnnotationProperty
Domain	Resource
Range	http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#langString

example#

Annotations
IRI	http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#example
Formal description
Subproperty Of	AnnotationProperty, AnnotationProperty

introduction#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/widoco/vocab#introduction
Formal description
Subproperty Of	AnnotationProperty

prefLabel#

Annotations
IRI	http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#prefLabel
Formal description
Subproperty Of	AnnotationProperty, AnnotationProperty

scope note#

Annotations
IRI	http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#scopeNote
definition	A note that helps to clarify the meaning and/or the use of a concept.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	AnnotationProperty, AnnotationProperty, note

title#

Annotations
IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/title
prefLabel	title
definition	A name given to the resource.
Formal description
Subproperty Of	AnnotationProperty
Domain	Resource
Range	http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#langString

Module: Ssbd Taxonomy#

Classes#

Assessment#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#Assessment
Formal description
Subclass Of	Activity
Subclasses	SSbDAssessment

BulkModulusAssessment#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#BulkModulusAssessment
Formal description
Subclass Of	MechanicalPropertiesAssessment

DensityAssessment#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#DensityAssessment
Formal description
Subclass Of	PhysicalPropertiesAssessment

EconomicDimension#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#EconomicDimension
Formal description
Subclass Of	SsbdDimension

EnvironmentalDimension#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#EnvironmentalDimension
Formal description
Subclass Of	SsbdDimension

FunctionalityAssessment#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#FunctionalityAssessment
Formal description
Subclass Of	SpecifiedAssessment
Subclasses	MechanicalPropertiesAssessment, ThermalPropertiesAssessment, PhysicalPropertiesAssessment
Restrictions	assesses some FunctionalityDimension

FunctionalityDimension#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#FunctionalityDimension
Formal description
Subclass Of	SsbdDimension

GlassTransitionTemperatureAssessment#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#GlassTransitionTemperatureAssessment
Formal description
Subclass Of	ThermalPropertiesAssessment

MechanicalPropertiesAssessment#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#MechanicalPropertiesAssessment
Formal description
Subclass Of	FunctionalityAssessment
Subclasses	YoungsModulusAssessment, PoissonsRatioAssessment, BulkModulusAssessment

PhysicalPropertiesAssessment#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#PhysicalPropertiesAssessment
Formal description
Subclass Of	FunctionalityAssessment
Subclasses	DensityAssessment

PoissonsRatioAssessment#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#PoissonsRatioAssessment
Formal description
Subclass Of	MechanicalPropertiesAssessment

SSbDAssessment#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#SSbDAssessment
Formal description
Subclass Of	Assessment
Subclasses	SpecifiedAssessment

SafetyDimension#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#SafetyDimension
Formal description
Subclass Of	SsbdDimension

SocialDimension#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#SocialDimension
Formal description
Subclass Of	SsbdDimension

SpecifiedAssessment#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#SpecifiedAssessment
Formal description
Subclass Of	SSbDAssessment
Subclasses	FunctionalityAssessment

SsbdDimension#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#SsbdDimension
Formal description
Subclass Of	Entity, Entity
Subclasses	SafetyDimension, EnvironmentalDimension, FunctionalityDimension, EconomicDimension, SocialDimension

ThermalPropertiesAssessment#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#ThermalPropertiesAssessment
Formal description
Subclass Of	FunctionalityAssessment
Subclasses	GlassTransitionTemperatureAssessment

YoungsModulusAssessment#

Annotations
IRI	https://w3id.org/pink#YoungsModulusAssessment
Formal description
Subclass Of	MechanicalPropertiesAssessment